In the last years, several studies have been conducted on bottled waters (BW) at national, regional, and worldwide scale considering major and trace elements, organic compounds and/or emerging contaminants. Hitherto, a few studies focused on mercury, and water stable isotopes determination of bottled waters are available in the literature. Therefore, this kind of research on BW can periodically be useful for understanding the potential variation of these parameters over time. Italy is one of the main producers of BW and Italians are the greatest consumers of natural mineral waters per capita in the European Union. The natural mineral water sources (natural spring and groundwater) across Italy, are generally placed on flood plains or mountain slopes. European and national regulations established that BW must be microbiologically pure without any purification process because they originate from aquifers or underground reservoirs. Total mercury (Hg), stable isotopic composition (δ18O and δ2H) and additional physico-chemical parameters have been evaluated on selected bottled waters purchased in the Italian stores. Bottle samples from different Italian water catchments all over Italy are here characterized to be representative of different hydrogeological conditions. Numerous brands of BW representing different water typologies (still, sparkling, naturally sparkling, and slightly sparkling), bottled in different packaging, have been considered. Instrumental analyses (e.g.: CVAFS, Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy) were carried out in the laboratories of CNR and Ca’ Foscari University. The main objective of this work is to investigate the occurrence of Hg in Italian bottled waters considering δ18O, δ2H and deuterium excess, as well as the differences on physico-chemical parameters, (approx. ten years later, after the last national surveys) taking into account their wide representativeness of the geographical area and geological provenance.
Investigating Mercury (Hg) and Water Stable Isotopes Composition (δ18O and δ2H) in Bottled Waters: A survey Study in Italy
DREOSSI G;RADAELLI M;PESCHIUTTA M;MASIOL M;STENNI B
2024-01-01
Abstract
In the last years, several studies have been conducted on bottled waters (BW) at national, regional, and worldwide scale considering major and trace elements, organic compounds and/or emerging contaminants. Hitherto, a few studies focused on mercury, and water stable isotopes determination of bottled waters are available in the literature. Therefore, this kind of research on BW can periodically be useful for understanding the potential variation of these parameters over time. Italy is one of the main producers of BW and Italians are the greatest consumers of natural mineral waters per capita in the European Union. The natural mineral water sources (natural spring and groundwater) across Italy, are generally placed on flood plains or mountain slopes. European and national regulations established that BW must be microbiologically pure without any purification process because they originate from aquifers or underground reservoirs. Total mercury (Hg), stable isotopic composition (δ18O and δ2H) and additional physico-chemical parameters have been evaluated on selected bottled waters purchased in the Italian stores. Bottle samples from different Italian water catchments all over Italy are here characterized to be representative of different hydrogeological conditions. Numerous brands of BW representing different water typologies (still, sparkling, naturally sparkling, and slightly sparkling), bottled in different packaging, have been considered. Instrumental analyses (e.g.: CVAFS, Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy) were carried out in the laboratories of CNR and Ca’ Foscari University. The main objective of this work is to investigate the occurrence of Hg in Italian bottled waters considering δ18O, δ2H and deuterium excess, as well as the differences on physico-chemical parameters, (approx. ten years later, after the last national surveys) taking into account their wide representativeness of the geographical area and geological provenance.
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