El tratamiento del componente humorístico en la combinación lingüística español-italiano: una aproximación desde la traducción audiovisual

It is common knowledge that language is the most evident manifestation of idiosyncrasies and that it undoubtedly allows cultural elements of a very different nature to be expressed. Among these elements is the aspect related to humor, the transposition of which from language/culture A to language/culture B often poses major challenges for the translator. In this paper, we aim to address this phenomenon from the perspective of verbal humor and cultural references. Our analysis will focus on Italian and Spanish, two languages generally considered cognate due to their common historical background. The reason for this choice is justified by the limited number of scientific contributions in this field of study. Based on a corpus created from the transcriptions of the Italian and Spanish subtitles of an Italian series called Incastrati, available on Netflix, our interest will be devoted to analyzing how the two languages express certain aspects of humor. To this end, regarding the methodology, we will adopt a qualitative approach aimed at evaluating the translation results given by audiovisual translation in terms of comparative analysis. Additionally, our analysis will be based on the translation procedures proposed by renowned scholars in the field of audiovisual translation, such as Agost (1999), Fuentes Luque (2001), Chaume (2012), and Martínez Tejerina (2016). We aim to observe whether humor is expressed in the same way in both Spanish and Italian, to confirm or refute that the linguistic proximity between Spanish and Italian facilitates the translation process. In the conclusions, it appears that the proximity between Spanish and Italian, in many cases, does not facilitate the process of interlinguistic transposition. For this reason, the translator/subtitler is occasionally required to make appropriate changes and adaptations to render humor effectively.