I luoghi del sapere: la natura tra farmacie, mercati e bagni dei forzati

This essay explores the changing spaces and practices of natural history in Renaissance and early modern Italy, highlighting the contributions of artisans, merchants, and socially marginalized actors to the production of empirical knowledge. Moving beyond universities, botanical gardens, and scholarly collections, it examines pharmacies, marketplaces, workshops, and ports as sites of observation, experimentation, and exchange. Particular attention is paid to the Mediterranean networks through which natural specimens, practical expertise, and information circulated, including those shaped by warfare, slavery, and forced mobility.