Risks from natural and anthropogenic hazards are increasingly systemic as human, economic and natural systems interact. Marine coastal (MC) ecosystems are particularly vulnerable, and the Mediterranean region is a climate-risk hotspot due to intense environmental stressors and high social vulnerability. Nature-based Solutions (NBS) are integrative approaches to address climate adaptation, biodiversity conservation and human wellbeing. Building on two reviews, one on the potential of NBS to mitigate water quality (WQ) deterioration in MC areas and one on suitability mapping for NBS implementation, this thesis investigates interactions between climatic and anthropogenic pressures on marine WQ and identifies adaptive management strategies. A flexible approach using spatio-temporal Bayesian Network (BN) modelling simulates climate and human impact scenarios and assesses context-specific actions. The BN for Posidonia oceanica meadows was applied to Apulian coasts for 2011-2018, under climate scenarios RCP4.5/8.5 (2050, 2100), and produced risk maps and metrics to support adaptive management. Through iterative stakeholder engagement, three nature-based management solutions were co-developed and tested in the BN model, showing that more restrictive actions would significantly increase seagrass meadows density along the Apulian coast. The spatio-temporal BN model thus provides a comprehensive assessment of the pressures and highlights areas requiring urgent interventions through NBS.
I rischi da pericoli naturali e antropici sono sempre più sistemici a causa dell’interazione tra sistemi umani, economici e naturali. Gli ecosistemi marino-costieri (MC) sono particolarmente vulnerabili e il Mediterraneo è un hotspot per le forti pressioni ambientali e la vulnerabilità sociale. Le Nature-based Solutions (NBS) sono approcci integrati all’adattamento climatico, la conservazione della biodiversità e il benessere umano. Partendo da due review, una sul potenziale delle NBS nel mitigare il deterioramento della qualità dell’acqua (WQ) in aree MC e una sulle condizioni per attuare NBS in aree idonee, questa tesi indaga le interazioni tra pressioni climatiche e antropiche sulla WQ marina e identifica strategie di gestione. L’applicazione di una Rete Bayesiana (BN) spazio-temporale ha permesso di simulare scenari di impatto climatico e antropogenico e di valutare specifiche azioni gestionali, supportando così i decisori politici tramite una valutazione completa delle pressioni e delle aree che richiedono interventi urgenti. La BN è applicata alla costa pugliese (periodo 2011-2018) e a scenari climatici futuri (RCP4.5/8.5, 2050 e 2100) per le praterie di Posidonia oceanica, e ha prodotto mappe di rischio e metriche a supporto dell’adattamento climatico. Il coinvolgimento degli stakeholder ha permesso di co-sviluppare e testare tre soluzioni basate sulla natura, dimostrando che misure più restrittive aumenterebbero significativamente la densità di Posidonia oceanica.
Embracing Nature-based Solutions to face climate-induced water quality changes in marine coastal areas / Allegri, Elena. - (2026 Mar 04).
Embracing Nature-based Solutions to face climate-induced water quality changes in marine coastal areas
ALLEGRI, ELENA
2026
Abstract
Risks from natural and anthropogenic hazards are increasingly systemic as human, economic and natural systems interact. Marine coastal (MC) ecosystems are particularly vulnerable, and the Mediterranean region is a climate-risk hotspot due to intense environmental stressors and high social vulnerability. Nature-based Solutions (NBS) are integrative approaches to address climate adaptation, biodiversity conservation and human wellbeing. Building on two reviews, one on the potential of NBS to mitigate water quality (WQ) deterioration in MC areas and one on suitability mapping for NBS implementation, this thesis investigates interactions between climatic and anthropogenic pressures on marine WQ and identifies adaptive management strategies. A flexible approach using spatio-temporal Bayesian Network (BN) modelling simulates climate and human impact scenarios and assesses context-specific actions. The BN for Posidonia oceanica meadows was applied to Apulian coasts for 2011-2018, under climate scenarios RCP4.5/8.5 (2050, 2100), and produced risk maps and metrics to support adaptive management. Through iterative stakeholder engagement, three nature-based management solutions were co-developed and tested in the BN model, showing that more restrictive actions would significantly increase seagrass meadows density along the Apulian coast. The spatio-temporal BN model thus provides a comprehensive assessment of the pressures and highlights areas requiring urgent interventions through NBS.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Allegri_PhD_Thesis_DEF_09122025.pdf
embargo fino al 04/03/2027
Descrizione: Tesi definitiva Allegri
Tipologia:
Tesi di dottorato
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4.52 MB
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Adobe PDF
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