L’economia di piattaforma tra sociologia e diritto del lavoro. I rider e il caso studio dell’Italia

The article offers a reflection that brings labour sociology and labour law into dialogue through the case of food delivery in Italy. The challenges posed by the economic–pro- ductive model of the platform economy have intensified controversies over labour re- gulation and worker protection, further aggravating the crisis of the dual paradigm of labour law centred on the subordination/self-employment dichotomy. The article shows how the platform economy accelerates structural processes of precarisation, reshaping the employment relationship through algorithmic power and the erosion of traditional legal categories, thereby exposing the inadequacy of national regulatory responses. The new EU Directive 2024/2831 opens up spaces for enhanced protection, yet it does not resolve the power asymmetries embedded in platform organisation models.