EU-NATO Cooperation and Innovation in Emerging Disruptive Technologies to Stop Russian-Chinese Hybrid Warfare in the Energy Transition

Summary: How can the EU and NATO face the future hybrid threats coming from Russia and other adversaries like China in the energy sector during the green transition? Energy security is among the most vulnerable sectors of national security, with significant potential to destabilize societies. Both the green energy and technological transitions will increase vulnerabilities of new infrastructures, supply chain and technologies in the decades to come. The West therefore will need a grand strategy, to increase resilience and capabilities investing in innovation for new technologies (so called “Emerging Disruptive Technologies”/EDTs), defending the supply and value chain of critical materials and resources, and protect the new infrastructures. A closer and more efficient cooperation between the EU and NATO in these sectors becomes fundamental, as dual use technology could help in both the technological and energy transitions and hinder new non-kinetic warfare in these areas.