[AuCl(NHC)(ppy)]Cl (1) and [AuCl(PPh3)(ppy)]OTf (2) complexes [ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, NHC = 1,3-bis(2,6-di-isopropylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene] successfully catalyze the hydration of alkynes in gamma-valerolactone (GVL), under acid-free conditions. The solution structure, reactivity, and catalytic properties of (1) and (2) were established by means of multinuclear NMR and computational (DFT) studies. Structural features of 1 during the catalysis, inferred by NMR spectroscopy, clearly indicate that complex 1 retains its square planar structure and no reduction to Au(i) and/or Au(0) nanoparticles was observed. The overall catalytic and kinetic investigations [kinetic isotopic effect (KIE), effect of acid additives, the order of reaction with respect to the catalyst, alkyne and nucleophile and the effect of the temperature] supported by computational results confirm that the pre-equilibrium step of the reaction mechanism is the RDS: water or counterion substitution by 3-hexyne in the first co-ordination sphere of Au(iii) is the key step of the whole process. The description of the mechanism of the hydration of 3-hexyne catalyzed by 1 here reported appears therefore to be of high significance because comprehensive mechanistic studies of the Au(iii)-catalyzed hydration reaction of the CC bond are scarce in the literature and generally lack experimental basis.

Hydration of alkynes catalyzed by [Au(X)(L)(ppy)]X in the green solvent gamma-valerolactone under acid-free conditions: the importance of the pre-equilibrium step

Segato, J;Del Zotto, A;Zuccaccia, D
2020-01-01

Abstract

[AuCl(NHC)(ppy)]Cl (1) and [AuCl(PPh3)(ppy)]OTf (2) complexes [ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, NHC = 1,3-bis(2,6-di-isopropylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene] successfully catalyze the hydration of alkynes in gamma-valerolactone (GVL), under acid-free conditions. The solution structure, reactivity, and catalytic properties of (1) and (2) were established by means of multinuclear NMR and computational (DFT) studies. Structural features of 1 during the catalysis, inferred by NMR spectroscopy, clearly indicate that complex 1 retains its square planar structure and no reduction to Au(i) and/or Au(0) nanoparticles was observed. The overall catalytic and kinetic investigations [kinetic isotopic effect (KIE), effect of acid additives, the order of reaction with respect to the catalyst, alkyne and nucleophile and the effect of the temperature] supported by computational results confirm that the pre-equilibrium step of the reaction mechanism is the RDS: water or counterion substitution by 3-hexyne in the first co-ordination sphere of Au(iii) is the key step of the whole process. The description of the mechanism of the hydration of 3-hexyne catalyzed by 1 here reported appears therefore to be of high significance because comprehensive mechanistic studies of the Au(iii)-catalyzed hydration reaction of the CC bond are scarce in the literature and generally lack experimental basis.
2020
10
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.

I documenti in ARCA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10278/5030220
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 11
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 11
social impact