Is the Small-Scale Fishery more sustainable in terms of GHG emissions? A case study analysis from the Central Mediterranean Sea

Small-Scale Fishery (SSF) is recognized as one of the more sustainable among the activities currently exploiting marine renewable resources. This is mainly due to the use of fishing gears characterised by a low environmental impact and a high selectivity. However, there is still room for improvement when analysing the sustainability of SSF sector. Within this context, Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions - CO2 in particular - are one of the most relevant aspect to be considered. In particular, fuel consumption and its reduction represent the main issue when discussing sustainability, especially to cope with climate changes. In this paper, the first inventory of CO2 emissions from the SSF vessels in the Central-Northern Adriatic Sea (GSA17) has been compiled, based on data collected from SSF operators, validated by means of a geospatial-based method. Emission intensity estimates - 7.01 kg of CO2 emitted per kg of landing or 2.08 kg of CO2 emitted per euro of landing - confirmed the lower values by SSF vessels in comparison with other fleet segments. Results are discussed in the light of the mitigation of GHG emissions for the SSF, considering the technological features of Adriatic SSF, fishers' behaviour and an improved management of the fishery.