From a value-based knowledge economy to a worth economy. New reflections and perspectives on intellectual capital research

In this paper we review the main evolution of intellectual capital (IC) research after 20 years from the first article published by Leif Edvinsson on the topic. In developing the paper, we highlight the main concerns that were stimulating the debate at the time. The paper employs a conceptual review starting from the questions raised in one of the first papers about IC. While 20 years ago, the debate was about the starting of the knowledge economy, the search for increasing economic value and IC research was at the beginning. Today we face a different situation. The knowledge economy represents a consolidated concept, and a new paradigm is emerging based on an economy in which sustainability and worth represent the core values. Organisations are employing new business models to create value that also embraces a sustainable perspective. New research streams on IC are emerging.