Acanthosiphonia echinata (Harvey) A.M.Savoie & G.W.Saunders is a small red algae of the family Rhodomelaceae. Thalli form tufts attached to the substratum by prostrate axes with unicellular rhizoids. The erect system is characterized by a delicate texture with polysiphoneus axes radially branched in a subdichotomous pattern and composed of four pericentral cells (Bustamante et al., 2015; Savoie & Saunders, 2018). This species was originally described as Polysiphonia echinata Harvey from Florida and then transferred to the genus Neosiphonia by Mamoozadeh & Freshwater (2011). Recently, based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, the monotypic genus Acanthosiphonia gen. nov. was described for Acanthosiphonia echinata (Savoie & Saunders, 2018). This species has been considered to be restricted to the western Atlantic (North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Mexico, and Texas) and was reported in bloom proportions along 200 km of coastline from North Carolina to South Carolina (Schneider and Searles 1991). In 2015 Bustamante et al. reported the introduction of this species in Southeast Asia (Indonesia). Here the occurrence and proliferation of A. echinata seems to be associated with the aquaculture of Kappaphycus alvarezii, a kappa carrageenan-producing seaweed commercially cultivated in the tropics (Bustamante et al., 2015). In this study we report the first finding of A. echinata in the Venice lagoon (Mediterranean Sea). Specimens were identified using the DNA barcoding method and in particular the plastidial rbcL and the mitochondrial cox1 markers. Probably this taxon was introduced associated with hull fouling and ballast waters, via the western Atlantic-Mediterranean-Indonesia ship route having a high number of major ports (Kaluza et al. 2010). Moreover, the high bootstrap supports obtained in our phylogenies revealed that both Polysiphonia binneyi and P. havanensis sensu Børgesen can be added to the new genus Acanthosiphonia as hypothesized by Savoie & Saunders (2018).
New introduction in the Mediterranean Sea: Acantosiphonia echinata (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Venice (Italy). Seventh European Phycological Congress. Posters.
Wolf M. A.
;Buosi A.;Sfriso A
2019-01-01
Abstract
Acanthosiphonia echinata (Harvey) A.M.Savoie & G.W.Saunders is a small red algae of the family Rhodomelaceae. Thalli form tufts attached to the substratum by prostrate axes with unicellular rhizoids. The erect system is characterized by a delicate texture with polysiphoneus axes radially branched in a subdichotomous pattern and composed of four pericentral cells (Bustamante et al., 2015; Savoie & Saunders, 2018). This species was originally described as Polysiphonia echinata Harvey from Florida and then transferred to the genus Neosiphonia by Mamoozadeh & Freshwater (2011). Recently, based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, the monotypic genus Acanthosiphonia gen. nov. was described for Acanthosiphonia echinata (Savoie & Saunders, 2018). This species has been considered to be restricted to the western Atlantic (North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Mexico, and Texas) and was reported in bloom proportions along 200 km of coastline from North Carolina to South Carolina (Schneider and Searles 1991). In 2015 Bustamante et al. reported the introduction of this species in Southeast Asia (Indonesia). Here the occurrence and proliferation of A. echinata seems to be associated with the aquaculture of Kappaphycus alvarezii, a kappa carrageenan-producing seaweed commercially cultivated in the tropics (Bustamante et al., 2015). In this study we report the first finding of A. echinata in the Venice lagoon (Mediterranean Sea). Specimens were identified using the DNA barcoding method and in particular the plastidial rbcL and the mitochondrial cox1 markers. Probably this taxon was introduced associated with hull fouling and ballast waters, via the western Atlantic-Mediterranean-Indonesia ship route having a high number of major ports (Kaluza et al. 2010). Moreover, the high bootstrap supports obtained in our phylogenies revealed that both Polysiphonia binneyi and P. havanensis sensu Børgesen can be added to the new genus Acanthosiphonia as hypothesized by Savoie & Saunders (2018).
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