This paper analyses the archaeological contexts from Iron Age (6th to 2nd century BC) sites in Veneto, where the remains of looms and evidence of textile production were found. The interpretation of the data presented here highlights similarities and differences resulting from various production techniques, and compares sites situated in the foothills with sites in the plains. Direct evidence, such as the wooden remains of looms, and indirect evidence, such as postholes of possible loom posts or alignments of loom weights, have been identified in primarily late Iron Age archaeological contexts. Looms of different sizes, or looms assembled in various ways, may reveal particular specialisations related to individual contexts and specific production techniques. The weight and morphological characteristics of loom weights are important for functional analysis; however, the presence of imprints and pseudo-alphabetical signs also provide important information. These symbols could have been used for several purposes, but were likely used to identify different factories within a complicated economic system. A further element of analysis consists of correlating types of looms and textile remains mainly excavated from pre-Roman funerary contexts. The diversity of textiles, mostly wool of varying qualities, underlines an integrated production system between different geographical areas, which were connected by trade and transhumance routes.
Il contributo esamina i contesti archeologici con evidenze riconducibili a telai nel Veneto preromano tra il VI e il II sec. a.C., per una ricostruzione che evidenzi analogie o differenze legate anche a diverse manifatture. Le diversificazioni si colgono nei differenti ambiti territoriali, tra i centri della pedemontana e quelli di pianura. Le evidenze di scavo possono essere sia positive, come resti lignei, sia negative, come impronte e buchi di palo o allineamenti dei pesi dell’ordito riconducibili alle armature. Appare possibile ipotizzare l’esistenza di telai di varie dimensioni o armati in modo diversificato probabilmente connessi a specializzazioni peculiari dei singoli contesti e di specifiche produzioni di tessuti. Un ulteriore elemento di analisi consisterà nella correlazione tra tipologie di telai e resti tessili, che nel Veneto preromano provengono soprattutto da rinvenimenti funerari. La diversificazione dei tessuti, per lo più di lana, ma di diversa qualità, pone l’accento su un sistema produttivo integrato tra ambiti territoriali diversi, collegati tra loro da itinerari e percorsi della transumanza.
The loom: from excavation to textile in pre-roman Veneto, Italy, 6th to 2nd Century BC
G. Gambacurta
2018-01-01
Abstract
This paper analyses the archaeological contexts from Iron Age (6th to 2nd century BC) sites in Veneto, where the remains of looms and evidence of textile production were found. The interpretation of the data presented here highlights similarities and differences resulting from various production techniques, and compares sites situated in the foothills with sites in the plains. Direct evidence, such as the wooden remains of looms, and indirect evidence, such as postholes of possible loom posts or alignments of loom weights, have been identified in primarily late Iron Age archaeological contexts. Looms of different sizes, or looms assembled in various ways, may reveal particular specialisations related to individual contexts and specific production techniques. The weight and morphological characteristics of loom weights are important for functional analysis; however, the presence of imprints and pseudo-alphabetical signs also provide important information. These symbols could have been used for several purposes, but were likely used to identify different factories within a complicated economic system. A further element of analysis consists of correlating types of looms and textile remains mainly excavated from pre-Roman funerary contexts. The diversity of textiles, mostly wool of varying qualities, underlines an integrated production system between different geographical areas, which were connected by trade and transhumance routes.I documenti in ARCA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.