Synthesis, characterization and optical spectroscopy of Eu3 þ doped titanate nanotubes

The synthesis of Eu3 þ doped titania nanotubes was carried out via a hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope analyses showed that the nanotubes were formed by rolling multilayered titania structure with a length of up to 100 nm. The Eu3 þ -doped nanotubes exhibited strong emission lines associated with the 5D0-7FJ (with J from 1 to 4) transition of Eu3 þ and the differences between the luminescence properties of the precursor powders and the nanotubes were studied at low temperature.