Monetazioni locali, provinciali, coloniali e imperiali nel mondo romano: modelli, dinamiche e interazioni

The paper examines the evolution of the Roman monetary system as a mixed and not fully centralized reality. From the first Republican and colonial issues of the third century BC to the Imperial age, Rome adopted a pragmatic approach, allowing numerous local coinages either to survive or to emerge. Under Caesar, the Triumvirate, and Augustus, provincial and colonial issues multiplied, combining Roman, Greek, and local identity-based elements. In the Imperial period, the phenomenon became concentrated above all in the East, with civic mints, koina, colonies, and major centers such as Antioch, Caesarea, and Alexandria in Egypt. The “mixed” system came to an end in the third century AD, overwhelmed by the social, economic, and monetary crisis and by imperial reforms.