Aristotle's Causes and the Problem of the Necessity of our Actions.

Aristotle does not oppose causal determinism, which in his time had not yet been formulated; he discusses the question whether the evil acts voluntarily. His two most important moves are to put good and evil action on similar footing, stating that both depend on us, and not one does and the other does not and to indicate this, to adapt to the analysis of human action a phrase from common language, eph’hêmin , to indicate that man is the master of his actions