New Opportunities in the Time of a Crisis: Perspectives on Virtual Relational Capital Through a CAOS 4.0

New technologies and digital tools are profoundly affecting today’s business scenario, changing how organizations run their business models. Relational Capital as a pillar of Intellectual Capital is also impacted by the increasing importance of virtual relations, which are carried on using new tools and are changing how a company deals with its stakeholders. The COVID-19 pandemic has fostered the application of digital transformation at every level, from the digital competencies and use of custom-ers to the opportunities that organizations can benefit from to enhance their business, for example, by opening e-stores or using social media to engage their clients. Still, virtual relations show differ-ent features than other types of connections. Therefore, new models are needed to map and assess such relations to allow organizations to benefit from their potential. The chapter employs a narrative review of the literature stating the current trends, underlining the need to define new framework mod-els. Starting from Paoloni’s CAOS model and its relational matrix, reflections on a 4.0. or “Meta” ap-plication of it are made.