In questo contributo viene preso in esame il ruolo della donna durante la guerra nell’epica greca arcaica e imperiale. Nell’Iliade e nello Scudo pseudoesiodeo le donne guardano dall’alto delle mura i combattimenti, piangono i morti. Possono uscire dalla città solo alla fine della guerra, quando vengono condotte via come prigioniere. In altri poemi dell’epica greca arcaica, come l’Etiopide, si narra di altre figure femminili, le Amazzoni, che invece combattono sul campo di battaglia, uccidono e vengono uccise. La loro regina Pentesilea duella persino contro Achille, l’aristeuon acheo, dal quale viene sconfitta. Anche secoli più tardi (III sec. d.C.) Quinto Smirneo racconta le vicende di Pentesilea e delle Amazzoni. In vari passi dei Posthomerica (if not-situations, paraineseis, monologhi, excursus) sembra quasi che donne non solo straniere bensì persino troiane possano prendere parte ai combattimenti o infierire sul corpo di un nemico, ma ciò non accade mai. Si aprono altre possibilità nella persis di Troia ma soprattutto durante il naufragio delle navi achee, quando alcune prigioniere uccidono i loro nemici. Ma ormai i luoghi, le categorie di appartenenza e il lessico non sono più quelli della guerra.
This article examines the role of women in warfare in Archaic and Imperial Greek Epic. In the Iliad and in the pseudo-Hesiodic Shield, women watch the fighting from the walls of the city and mourn the dead. They can only leave the city at the end of the war, when they are led away as prisoners. Other poems of the archaic epic, such as the Aethiopis, tell us about other female figures, the Amazons, who fight on the battlefield, where they kill and are killed. Their queen Penthesilea even fights with Achilles, the Achaean aristeuon, by whom she is eventually defeated. Even centuries later (III century AD) Quintus Smyrnaeus tells the story of Penthesilea and the Amazons. In various passages of the Posthomerica (if not-situations, paraineseis, monologues, excursus) it almost seems as if not only foreign but even Trojan women could take part in the fighting or spoil and tear apart the body of an enemy, but this never comes to pass. During the fall of Troy some women kill their enemies, but it takes a shipwreck to describe the deaths caused by Trojan women. But at this point the setting and the language have little to do with war.
Pentesilea e le donne troiane. Sconfinamenti da Omero a Quinto Smirneo.
Katia Barbaresco
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
2021-01-01
Abstract
This article examines the role of women in warfare in Archaic and Imperial Greek Epic. In the Iliad and in the pseudo-Hesiodic Shield, women watch the fighting from the walls of the city and mourn the dead. They can only leave the city at the end of the war, when they are led away as prisoners. Other poems of the archaic epic, such as the Aethiopis, tell us about other female figures, the Amazons, who fight on the battlefield, where they kill and are killed. Their queen Penthesilea even fights with Achilles, the Achaean aristeuon, by whom she is eventually defeated. Even centuries later (III century AD) Quintus Smyrnaeus tells the story of Penthesilea and the Amazons. In various passages of the Posthomerica (if not-situations, paraineseis, monologues, excursus) it almost seems as if not only foreign but even Trojan women could take part in the fighting or spoil and tear apart the body of an enemy, but this never comes to pass. During the fall of Troy some women kill their enemies, but it takes a shipwreck to describe the deaths caused by Trojan women. But at this point the setting and the language have little to do with war.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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