Leadership style scale: Conceptualization and initial validation

This paper describes the development and validation of a scale to measure leadership styles that lead to resonant or dissonant organizational environment. Differently from other scales that focus their attention on one specific style, we offer a holistic approach that considers a broader range of behaviours. Based on theory, a pilot study, and questionnaires, we developed a tool to assess six styles of leader behaviours (Inspirational, Supportive, Aggregating, Democratic, Demanding, and Authoritarian). We tested the model in a sample of students and practitioners. We also run a non-parametric test that confirms that resonant styles of leadership have a positive impact on projects’ performance. The results supported the validity and reliability of the six-dimensional items. We thereby contribute to the literature by providing a practical tool of 36-item instrument, labelled the Behavioral Leadership Styles Evaluation (BELEADER) Questionnaire.