Il modernismo negli altri Paesi dell’Europa: Belgio, Paesi Bassi, Svizzera, Russia

The Belgian bishops’ reports deny almost completely the existence of modernistic issues, even if other known documents show the activity of some relevant figures of the catholic “modernism”. A comparable situation of lack of modernism appears by the Belgian Congo reports, which date from Benedict XV papacy. The only report arrived from Switzerland offers a narrow view of the local modernist activities. A similar portrait is drawn by the bishops of the Netherlands, the unique national episcopacy of which we have at least one report for each diocese. The picture that emerges from the bishops’ relations of Russia and Russian Poland is more lively with some controversial admission of modernism.