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{\*\rsidtbl \rsid397801\rsid881023\rsid1535636\rsid1729174\rsid1838069\rsid1914703\rsid2032252\rsid2321334\rsid2380918\rsid2688957\rsid2755828\rsid2953291\rsid2971657\rsid3023345\rsid3032360\rsid3374033\rsid3412254\rsid4288618\rsid4727258\rsid4997742
\rsid5188240\rsid5256734\rsid5717075\rsid6096792\rsid6109166\rsid6296834\rsid6361506\rsid6451446\rsid6752356\rsid6903874\rsid6949896\rsid6961346\rsid7149811\rsid7758825\rsid8412050\rsid8548589\rsid8610846\rsid8719764\rsid8921384\rsid9793615\rsid10355462
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\rsid15291019\rsid15795187\rsid16266433\rsid16348593\rsid16476487\rsid16669705}{\info{\title Emanuela Trevisan Semi}{\author oem}{\operator oem}{\creatim\yr2009\mo3\dy4\hr7\min40}{\revtim\yr2009\mo3\dy4\hr8\min53}{\version39}{\edmins324}{\nofpages10}
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs32\insrsid1729174 
\par Emanuela Trevisan Semi
\par Castello 3471
\par Venezia 30122
\par Italy
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs32\insrsid881023 Emanuela Trevisan Semi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\fs32\super\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7758825  Ca\rquote  Foscari University, tresemi@unive.it}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs32\insrsid881023 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs32\insrsid7758825 
\par Abstract
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 In this paper }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681159\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  the correspondence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681159\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid8610846 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681159\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 
etween two friends, Jacques Faitlovitch, (1881-1955) the Polish Jew who worked on behalf of the Beta Israel and  their integrating into the mainstream Jewish world and planned to regenerate Western Judaism through the \u8220\'93true\u8221\'94
 oriental semitic spirit  and Farid Kassab, (1884-1970)  the  author of  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 Le nouvel empire arabe: la Curie romaine et le pr\u233\'e9tendu peril juif universel, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 r\u233\'e9ponse \u224\'e0
 M.N. Azoury bey (Paris 1906) the Greek Orthodox Christian who intended to regenerate the Ottoman Empire and later the Near East through the Jewish and semitic spirit will be examined. Through an exchange of letters written in French between the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681155\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  two special protagonists of  last century }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681156\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid3412254 of last century }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid8610846 during their stay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681160\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid8610846 
ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid8610846  in Paris and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681156\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid3412254 later}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid8610846  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681156\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid3412254 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681157\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid3412254 when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid8610846 
 Farid Kassab, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681158\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid3412254 staying }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid8610846 in Egypt was very helful to Ethiopian young students brought to Egypt by Faitlovitch, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 it will be possible to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681162\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid16348593 throw }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681162\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 shed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 new light on the place that the \lquote Orient\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681162\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\delrsid16348593 whole issu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  and the \lquote Oriental semitic spirit\rquote 
 played as a point of reference and identity not only for Jews but also for orthodox Christians  living in the Ottoman empire .
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs32\insrsid7758825 Keywords
\par East/ Orient, West, Western Jewry, orientalism, regeneration, national redemption, Ottoman empire\page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs32\insrsid881023 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s36\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs36\lang2057\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid881023 East and West through the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7758825 conversations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681152\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid881023 between Jacques Faitlovitch and Farid Kassab
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid1535636 In this paper we}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801  intend to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681159\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12600895 examine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681159\langnp2057\insrsid881023  the correspondence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681159\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846 B}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681159\langnp2057\insrsid881023 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 etween Jacques Faitlovitch, the Polish Jew who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid1535636 planned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  to regenerate Western Judaism through the \u8220\'93true\u8221\'94
 oriental semitic spirit  and Farid Kassab, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14701824 Greek}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7149811  Orthodox}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Christian who intended to regenerate the Ottoman }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
mpire and later the Near East through the Jewish and semitic spirit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13393386 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801  Jacques Faitlovitch }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346 (1881-1955)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801 who worked on behalf of the Beta Israel }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801  their integrating into }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801 mainstream Jewish world, was a scholar, a traveller, a Zionist and a missionary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801  Farid Kassab}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346  (1884-1970) was  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023   author of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11225506  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11225506 Le}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  nouvel empire arabe: la Curie romaine et le pr\u233\'e9tendu peril juif universel, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 r\u233\'e9ponse \u224\'e0
 M.N. Azoury bey (Paris 1906)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346  and worked as a dentist all his life}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801 . This correspondence shows }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681139\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2688957 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  real friendship}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid397801  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681155\langnp2057\insrsid881023 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 
underscored}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  by a strong sharing of values, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681155\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254 
was created }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 starting from the Parisian years of the beginning of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346 
the twentieth century, when Paris served as an incubat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14110021 or of ideas }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346 
for many Jews who had come from the East of Europe full of dreams of personal and national rede}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14110021 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346 
ption}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12600895 
searching for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6961346 
 elsewhere l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14110021 ocated in the mythical \lquote Orient\rquote ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid3023345  a place of imaginative passion}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681155\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254  on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681160\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Through an exchange of letters }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12607253 written in French }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 between the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681155\langnp2057\insrsid881023 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 special}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  protagonists}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11225506  last century}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681156\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254 of last century }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846 
during their stay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681160\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846  in Paris and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681156\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254 later}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681156\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681157\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254 when}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846  Farid Kassab, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681158\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid3412254 staying }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681161\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8610846 
in Egypt was very helful to Ethiopian young students brought to Egypt by Faitlovitch, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 it will be possible to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681162\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16348593 throw }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681162\langnp2057\insrsid881023 shed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 new light on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14110021 place that the \lquote Orient\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681162\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16348593 whole issu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14110021  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6096792 and the \lquote Oriental semitic spirit\rquote  pla}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 yed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6096792  as a point of reference}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14110021  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6096792 
and identity not only for Jews but also for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8548589  orthodox}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6096792  Christians }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8548589  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6096792 living in the Ottoman empire }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8548589 
Kassab in one of his letters (29th July 1906) quoting a friend of hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8548589  from Jaffa writes: \lquote 
 Our Orient\u8230\'85is  annihilated, humiliated, degenerated,  no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 t aware of its identity, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8548589 
 will be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8548589  even in the future because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid16476487 it has been cr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid16476487 
shed by its rulers, persecuted by the dominat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid16476487  powers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 . It will become like Egypt. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid16476487  European progress has already }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 penetrated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506  it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid16476487  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334  soon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 er}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid16476487 or later this will be its civilization}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334  while}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid16476487 
 only a few}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506  morsels}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334  of its previous culture will be left. Now it\rquote s the West}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 \rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506  turn. It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334 is }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506 flood}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506 
 all over the world with its spirit and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334 its}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506  economic issues}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334  are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506  throw}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506  everything into confusion. The Orient is becoming Europeanized and nobody c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506  stop these chang}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 es. The Arabs, split}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6361506 
, too independent, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334 lazy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2321334  mediocre will share the fate of the Algerians\u8230\'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid3374033 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12600895  Kassab}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid3374033  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12600895 goes on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid3374033 add that his friend laughed at him when he spoke of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12600895  the views shared by him and by Faitlovitch about  a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid3374033 revival of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12600895  the S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10893877 emites and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12600895  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10893877 union of religions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384  (Semitic religions)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10893877  maintaining that all these were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384  just}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10893877  dreams, \lquote scaffoldings\rquote  and constructions that will be destroyed by Turkey and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 nobody will answer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10893877 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10893877 emitic appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 The concept}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384  of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 a }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384 \lquote Semitic appeal\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384  whose meaning was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 an invitation to all the Semites to restore the ancient }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384 pure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8921384  spirit of the Orient}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 
, the realm of the spirit versus the materiality of the West}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 
 is central in this correspondence. The key words in these letters are the moral values of the East, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 common Semitic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619  legacy of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 pure shared}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619 
 moral and behavioural codes, Eastern feelings,  common ethnic roots}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694  spiritual values of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid12090619  Semitic race versus the Arian race.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694 During the years spent in Paris the two young friends were fantasising about the mystique of an imaginative East inhabited by the old Semites whose legacy can b
e found in the Bible, a shared  field of  identity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 , a reality }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  constructed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694  in the Eastern space, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694 
possible location of old-new nations. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 \lquote true\rquote  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694 values of the Bible, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 that is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  to say}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694 the religion associated with moral}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694 
, have been contamin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 ated in Europe by the powerful Catholic Church}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694  wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ich}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13591694  influenced the Jews living in their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6752356 territories. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10893877  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834 In the eyes of Faitlovitch, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11999367 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834 Jews in the East and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  even more}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 those }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834 in Africa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11999367  (the Beta Israel)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 had been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  less contaminated and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  alienated  by the spirit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  Christian Europe }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  they could help to restore the ancient biblical and Semitic spirit }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 among all the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 world\rquote s Jews}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834 
. In the eyes of Kassab, Arab Christians in the Orient also kept some ancient biblical and Semite values lost in the West and together with the other authentic Semites, the Jews}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 
 who were}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  part of the same ethnic stock}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11999367 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6296834  they}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13393386  could bring a new breath of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11999367 
life to corrupted bodies. This is why he favoured the coming of Jews from Eastern Europe to Palestine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid5188240 . In his mind these Jews were not Western }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 and Ashkenazi }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid5188240 Jews but pure Oriental Jews}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11999367 , }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid5188240 a view that reflected the orientalising attitude }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 present also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid5188240 in a Christian from the East.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10365477 
\par Yaron Peleg }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15291019 (2005:7)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15291019  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10365477 quot}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10365477  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15161487 main character of a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10365477 
semi-autobiographical novel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10365477\charrsid15161487 Tancred, or the new Crusade}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15161487 
 (1847) of Benjamin Disraeli, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 speaks of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15161487 
a young English nobleman who wishes to reinvent himself and revive his English society through a \u8220\'93spiritually rejuvenating journey to the Holy land\u8221\'94 and adds that  the \u8220\'93
 book suggests that the Semitic peoples of the East hold the key to the renewal of Western society\u8221\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10355462 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11929043  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10355462 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11929043 alf a century later}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10355462  we find }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11929043  the same concept }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10355462 
expressed through the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 conversations}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid10355462 
 of two young people, one coming from a Jewish Ashkenazy context and the other from a Syrian Christian orthodox context.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
\par In this paper we intend to examine seven letters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s27\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 The correspondence is from the Faitlovitch archive in Sourasky Central L
ibrary of the University of  Tel Aviv, file 117: 1 postcard of 12/12/1907,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af45 \ltrch\fcs0 \f45\fs20\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 
1 postcard of 18/12/1907 from Belgrade, 1 six-page letter of  29/7/1906, 1 four-page letter, not dated, from Paris (probab1y from 1906), 1  four-page letter of 4/6/1907, 1 eleven-pa
ge letter of 8/7/1907,  1 eight-page letter of 16/4/1928, 1 three-page letter of 4/9/1928, 1 four-page letter of 11/4/1929, 2 letters in Arabic from Kassab\rquote s father. I thank Simha Zaharur and Haim Admor for their help.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 written to Jacques Faitlovitch by Farid Djirdji Kassab, an Orthodox Christian who claimed to be a native of Syria, Lebanon and the Holy Land, by virtue of being born in Nablus in 1884. Four of these letters were written in Pari
s around one hundred years ago, one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681164\langnp2057\insrsid881023  letter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 (maybe two, the one undated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681164\langnp2057\insrsid881023 letter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
probably comes from the same year) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681164\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16669705 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681164\langnp2057\insrsid881023 from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 1906}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16669705  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16669705  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16669705 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023 from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 1907}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  and three }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681165\langnp2057\insrsid881023 letters }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 were written in Alexandria}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681166\langnp2057\insrsid881023  between 1928 and 1929}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , where Kassab worked as a dentist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681166\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681166\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16669705  (two in 1928, one 1929).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 The letters written in Paris refer to the period of writing and publication of Kassab\rquote s first book }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid11225506 Le N}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ouvel Empire Arabe, La curie romaine et le pr\u233\'e9tendu p\u233\'e9ril juif universel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  The book was published in Paris in 
1906 and I thank Stefan Wild for providing me with a xerox of his own copy of this rare book. There are only two copies: one in the New York Public Library and another in the British Museum Library, Wild (1988:614).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , a response to the book }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Le R\u233\'e9veil de la notion arabe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  by M.N. Azoury}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7758825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 Paris, Plon, 1905.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . In order to publish the book}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Kassab asked Faitlovitch to indicate a small publishing house that might be interested. The}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  letters of 1906 and 1907 concern}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 the period when Faitlovitch had just returned from his first mission to Ethiopia,
 bringing back two young Ethiopians, Gete Yirmiahu and Taamrat Emmanuel, who were to study at the Alliance schools in Paris, before being sent to Florence under the guidance of Margulies.  The letter dated 16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  April 1928 was written on occasion of the first meeting, in Alexandria}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  between the two friends, after 17 years apart.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid881023 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
In 1928 Faitlovitch had come to Alexandria from Tel Aviv and was about to undertake his seventh mission to Ethiopia. He was due to set off in July in the company of his sister Lea, who was to assist him as an English teacher }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 the school in Addis Ababa (1928-29). The letter dated 4 September 1928 was written a few months after Faitlovitch set off for Ethiopia, wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 ile}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Kassab believed he was still in Palestine. In the last letter in our possession (dated 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  April 1929) Kassab replied to Faitlovitch, on his way back from Ethiopia, to inform him of his passage to Port Said,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681169\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16669705  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  apologising for not coming to see him due to a he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 avy dose of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681169\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 flu.
\par We know that Faitlovitch continued to receive news of Kassab from Taamrat Emmanuel (he probably met Faitlovitch\rquote s friend while studying in Paris), who had fled  to Egypt having been forced to leave Ethiopia because }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681169\langnp2057\insrsid881023 he was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 wanted by the Italian authorities. Taamrat wrote to Faitlovitch in 1937 }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  Letter of 21st September 1937.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7758825 Trevisan Semi (2000:256).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  to tell him that Kassab had helped him find accommodation in Alexandria. He had met Kassab \u8220\'93
by chance, having believed he was in Syria \u8221\'94 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 nd he even offered him full }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 hospitality.

\par In another letter dated 1940 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 
 Letter of 28.1.1940. Trevisan Semi (2000:304).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Taamrat passed on Kassab\rquote 
s greetings to his friend Faitlovitch, telling him that he was shortly to visit him in Tel Aviv, accompanied by a relative.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
We know from Wild (1988:627) that Kassab stayed in Egypt until 1964, when at the age of 80 he returned to Beirut, where he died in 1970. It is therefore highly likely that in 1944-1945, when Faitlovitch settled in Cairo as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 conseiller}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  to the Ethopian Embassy in Egypt, he continued to see Kassab, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681172\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid16266433 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681172\langnp2057\insrsid881023 even though }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 there are no documents pertaining to this latter period of their lives.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 What is interesting about this c
orrespondence is above all the issues which emerge, shedding further light on the thoughts of Faitlovitch regarding what he considered to be the moral values of the East, as opposed to the decadence of the West.  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Faitlovitch and Kassab believed that it wa
s necessary to \lquote reawaken\rquote  the people}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681172\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  they refer to as \u8220\'93Semitic\u8221\'94, meaning both Arabs and Jews.
\par Although we do not have Faitlovitch\rquote s replies to Kassab}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681174\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Kassab may have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681174\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 got }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681174\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ridden himself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681174\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 rid}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 of this potentially risky material during the civil war in Lebanon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681174\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681174\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  a the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ory which is supported by Wild }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 1988: 607)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  Wild remarks that \uc1\u8220\'93even the books he wrote himself are apparently not at his disposal in Beirut\u8230\'85
Bearing in mind that a book so outspokenly in favor of Jewish colonization in Palestine (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 Nouvel empire arabe: La curie romaine et le}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 pr\uc1\u233\'e9tendu peril juif universel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 
) could have been considered a danger in Beirut at the time (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 during the civil war}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 
), it is more than probable that Farid Kassab\rquote s library in Beirut did not in fact contain this book\uc1\u8221\'94.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681176\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681175\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681176\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
the material we do have provides a clear picture of the influence that Faitlovitch, only three years older, had on the young }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681173\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 Eastern }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681173\langnp2057\insrsid881023 eastern }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681173\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6949896 Christian}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681173\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Christian}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .  
\par In the material }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681176\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 consulted for 
the work  on Jacques Faitlovitch one is struck by his power of seduction and influence that he exerted on the people he met, though he rarely managed to maintain this initial rapport. In the letters it is interesting to observe the use of terms that refle
ct the language of the era}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681178\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681178\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681178\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 For }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681178\langnp2057\insrsid881023 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 example}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681178\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  the term \u8220\'93Semitic\u8221\'94 refers to people}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681177\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  and not just language}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681177\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681177\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681177\langnp2057\insrsid881023  while }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \u8220\'93Eastern\u8221\'94 is used to refer to anything which cannot be described as 
\u8220\'93Western\u8221\'94, and in the later letters the term \u8220\'93Semitic race\u8221\'94 is used in opposition to the term \u8220\'93Arian race\u8221\'94.
\par Stefan Wild, who had access to material given him by Kassab\rquote s daughter in Beirut}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681179\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681179\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 wrote about }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Kassab}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681179\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681179\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 provides some valuable biographical information (1988:607-627).
\par Kassab\rquote s father was born in Nablus in 1847 and was an Ottoman civil servant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  before }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 bec}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023 a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  a  grain merchant and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075 travelling }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023 travelled }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 widely}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . Some evidence of his activity can be found also in the two letters written in Arabic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681181\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid1838069 we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 found in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681180\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5717075  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 the Faitlovitch archive.  Farid Kassab studied in Jaff
a, then at the Jesuits\rquote  college in Beirut}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681181\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid1838069 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  which he left a few years later}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681181\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid1838069 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 having rejected the type of education offered, viewing it as obscurantist and oppressive. The young man then attended the Greek Catholic Patriarchal College until 1902. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681185\langnp2057\insrsid881023 The following year in Paris}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681186\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681186\langnp2057\insrsid881023\charrsid13962997  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681186\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
while endeavouring to study philosophy but being forced to study dentistry by his father}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681187\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681185\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681185\langnp2057\insrsid881023 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 e met Jacques Faitlovitch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681187\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681185\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997 in Paris}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681182\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6451446 
, where he went}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681185\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997  in 1903}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681182\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid6451446 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681185\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997  hoping }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681186\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997 to study philosophy, but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681185\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681186\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997 
forced to study dentistry by his father}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681187\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid13962997 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681187\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  And it is as a successful dentist in Alexandria that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681194\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2380918 we find him when contacts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681194\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
he resumed contact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  with Faitlovitch }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681194\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2380918 
were resumed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681195\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2380918 a break of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 17 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  later}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .
\par Stefan Wild wrote  that in Paris the young Kassab frequented three different sets: the Orientalists, among whom he mentions Joseph Halevy, Faitlovitch\rquote s teacher, which is probably how they met; the Lebanese and young Ottomans}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681195\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2380918 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 and the Russian revolutionaries and French socialists (1988: 610-614). 
\par Kassab was basically a loyal subject of the Ottoman empire, something he viewed as undoubtedly superior to other scenarios which were taking shape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681196\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8412050  on the horizon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  in so far as it was well-established}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681196\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid8412050 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 and offered greater stability than the emerging Arab nation, something Kassab viewed as dangerous and threatening.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 In his letters dated 1906-7 Kassab  talks of a \u8220\'93
Semitic appeal\u8221\'94 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 appel s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 \u233\'e9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 mitique}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ), a term which suggests the two friends shared the same ideas on the need to \lquote reawaken\rquote  those designated as 
\u8220\'93Semitic\u8221\'94, namely the Jews and the Arabs. The two populations were viewed as the heirs to a common legacy of shared pure moral and behavioural codes, which had been corrupted by Western decadence. This originally pure \u8220\'93East
\u8221\'94 had degenerated due to a kind of identity crisis, and had been influenced by the materialistic \u8220\'93West\u8221\'94, which could nonetheless still be saved and reborn. \line 
 Kassab wrote: "Who better than the Semite can teach morals? The Semite has experienced and felt morals. Everywhere else religion was separated from morals; only for the Semite were conduct and religion identical and inseparable"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825   \uc1\u8220\'93Qui mieux que le s\u233\'e9
mite enseigne la morale? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7758825 Il l\rquote a v\uc1\u233\'e9cu, il l\rquote a senti. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825 Partout la religion \uc1\u233\'e9
tait autre chose que la morale, pour le s\u233\'e9mite seulement conduite et religion \u233\'e9taient identiques et ins\u233\'e9parables\~\u187\'bb letter of  16.4.1928.  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
However in the eyes of Kassab and Faitlovitch the \u8220\'93Semitic East\u8221\'94 lay dormant and required someone to awaken it from its slumber}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681201\langnp2057\insrsid881023  the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681202\langnp2057\insrsid881023 y }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681201\langnp2057\insrsid881023 were the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681201\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid4288618 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  new prophets who would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 \lquote preach as prophets\rquote  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023\charrsid8719764 sermoner en proph\u232\'e8te}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
, to quote Kassab. The two friends were to share the task: the young Greek Orthodox Christian would preach to the Eastern Christian world, while the young Polish Jew would do likewise with the Jewish world.  Faitlovitch\rquote 
s work was motivated by the need to introduce new lifeblood into a Jewish people corrupted by the spirit of the West, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681201\langnp2057\insrsid881023 this }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681201\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid4288618 that this idea}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681201\langnp2057\insrsid881023 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  was what led him to seek out the Jews of Ethiopia. The role of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681202\langnp2057\insrsid881023 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 prophet awakening }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681202\langnp2057\insrsid881023 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 sleeping conscience}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681202\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2755828 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  was one which would not have displeased either Faitlovitch or Kassab. 

\par Much has been written on the role of this regeneration ideology in the founding of the Alliance Israelite Universelle in France, and in the development of the network of schools established by the Alliance for Jews from Eastern Europe, Asia
 and Africa. Joseph Hal\u233\'e9vy had already widely used the term \lquote regeneration\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681203\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2755828 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  and his teaching was not limited to academic learning but extended to a commitment to the Jewish cause, in this case the ideology of the education and regeneration of the Asian and
 African communities. Faitlovitch, greatly influenced by Halevy, was widely committed to the same line of thought and action}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681203\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681203\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2755828 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
with the aim of giving rise to a movement to reawaken the African Jewish communities from their long period of hibernation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681203\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681203\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid14880679  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681203\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681203\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid14880679  h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681204\langnp2057\insrsid881023 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 e expected the Eastern Jews (which in his vocabulary included the Ethiopian Jews), who had preserved the pure values of the ancient Jewish tradition, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681204\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid14880679 would then}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681204\langnp2057\insrsid881023 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  regenerate Western Jewish religion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681204\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid14880679 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  once awakened from their torpor. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14836358 He expected a sort of circular process that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 would start}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid14836358  moving towards the regeneration of the East but leads  back to the regeneration of the West.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
\par This was the common ground between Kassab and Faitlovitch. Both looked down on Western materialism and believed that only their own people}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681204\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid14880679 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , the Easte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 rn Christians and the Jews (according to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Kassab\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  orientalistic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  view all Jews were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 Oriental}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 had the power to alter the increase of materialism in  the East and the loss of traditional values.
\par According to Kassab}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  the Ottoman empire would be able to guarantee that \u8220\'93Oriental\u8221\'94
 traditions and values were respected, but with the arrival of European powers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681205\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid14880679 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  these guarantees would be swept away}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825  He wrote: \uc1\u8220\'93l\rquote Orient appartient aux orientaux sous la domination ottomane\u8221\'94 (1906\~: 33).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . This is why Kassab looked favourably on the arrival of Jewish colonists from Eastern Europe in Palestine and feared the interference of the Pope and the Catholic world in his \u8220\'93East\u8221\'94
, so much so that he even wrote a pamphlet against Azoury\rquote s book, criticising the interference of the Church and the Roman Curia and the risk of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681206\langnp2057\insrsid881023 developing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Arab nationalism}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681207\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657  developing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . He asserted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681207\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 (this was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681207\langnp2057\insrsid881023 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  1906}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681207\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  that the Jews had no wis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 h to establish their own nation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681207\langnp2057\insrsid881023 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
merely to return to where they had started}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681208\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657  out from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . Wild  (1988: 619) rightly noted that Kassab \u8220\'93may have been the only non-Jewish Arab who came out openly in favour of the Zionist movement at that time\u8221\'94\~ and quotes this phrase from Kassab
\rquote s diary, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681208\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 offer}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681208\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681208\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  a significant insight into his thoughts: \u171\'ab\~ The Orient needed the Jews more than the Jews needed the Orient\u8230\'85Jews and Arabs, racially Semites 
and culturally Semites, ought to complement each other\u8221\'94(1988: 619).
\par Kassab (1906: 39), who had personally witnessed the first wave of Jewish immigration, wrote in his book}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825  \uc1\u8220\'93pauvres familles juives, humbles et paisibles qui ont gard\u233\'e9
 les sentiments orientaux et qui fuient une oppression ou un massacre dans les profondeurs de la Russie et de la Pologne\u8221\'94.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023   that the immigrants were \u8220\'93
poor, humble, pacific Jewish families who had maintained their Eastern }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid3032360 feelings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 and were fleeing oppression or massacre in deepest Russia or Poland\u8221\'94 and that  \u8220\'93these Jewish populations are inoffensive, do immense good for the country, and are people animated by the same sentiments that animate the indigenous po
pulations, and belong to the same origin, the Semitic race\u8221\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825  \uc1\u171\'ab\~ces populations juives sont inoffensives, qu\rquote elles apportent un bien immense au pays, que se sont des hommes anim\u233\'e9s des m\u234\'ea
mes sentiments que les indig\u232\'e8nes et qu\rquote ils appartiennent \u224\'e0 la m\u234\'eame souche, \u224\'e0 la race s\u233\'e9mitique \u187\'bb.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
. The belief expressed in the letters (even in those dating from the end of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 twenties}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
) was that Jews and Arabs belonged to the same ethnic stock, \u8220\'93la race s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 \u233\'e9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 mitique
\u8221\'94, and that the Semites, Jews and Arabs together}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681210\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  had positive values to offer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681210\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  and the power to regenerate the West. 
\par Paris at the beginning of the twentieth century }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 had been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 a seedbed for various ideas and ideologies, including pan-Semitism}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 , pan-Hebraism}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 and pan-Judaism as the author has highlighted (2007: 6-11). In that period in Paris much attention was paid to the teaching of Semitic languages, which was mainly carried out by Jewish academics. One of these, Joseph Halevy, Kassab\rquote 
s teacher, was also the first to teach Hebrew in Hebrew, and was the proponent of the rebirth}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681211\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  and therefore also}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 the regeneration of the Hebrew language. Halevy, who was convinced of the pre-eminence of the language question within the context of a national renaissance, undoubtedly had a great influence on the young students who attended his courses}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681216\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681216\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681216\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Wild  (1988: 617) notes that: \u8220\'93Kassab had been very impressed by his Jewish professors in Paris\u8221\'94 (quoting Bergson, Halevy, Derenbourg, Durkheim, L\u233\'e9
vy-Bruhl and Reinach in particular). Another Jewish pro
fessor that Kassab probably met was Nahum Slouschz, professor of Hebrew language and Hebrew and Jewish literature at the Sorbonne, and a friend of Faitlovitch. Like Kassab and Faitlovich, Slouschtz also dreamed of a Semitic East. He went looking for ancie
nt traces in archaeological sites}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681216\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681216\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2971657 wanting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681216\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
hoping }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 to discover the great Semite empire on the shores of the Mediterranean whose language had been Hebrew or Aramaic.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681217\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 The Parisian context for the study of Semitic languages was favourable to ideologies propo}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 unding}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  a recovery of Semitic roots, both linguistically}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681217\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid11677789  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681217\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  culturally and politically \endash  a movement collectively known as pan-Semitism. This discourse undoubtedly influenced the two young men.
\par In his letter dated 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  July 1906 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6903874 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Kassab, in terms which must have been common to both, writes of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6903874 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 evival of the Semites\rquote  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764\charrsid8719764 
rel\u232\'e8vement des semites}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6903874 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 nion of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764  religions\rquote  ( }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187\charrsid8719764 
union des religions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 \lquote Jewish-semitic work\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 ( }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187\charrsid8719764 oeuvre jud\u233\'e9o-semitique}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764\charrsid8719764  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ,  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187  mak}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187  peace between t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 he Ch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 urch and the Syna}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 gogue\rquote  ( }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023\charrsid8719764 reconcilier l\rquote Eglise et la synagogue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764\charrsid8719764  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , another way of referring to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 
\lquote semitic appe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6903874 al}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764 \rquote  ( }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023\charrsid8719764 appel s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825\charrsid8719764 \u233\'e9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023\charrsid8719764 mitique}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid8719764\charrsid8719764  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid15795187 )}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  I quoted earlier}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  Letter of 14.5. 1928.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . It is strange that in the letters from the Parisian period}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Kassab talks of his own \u8220\'93c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 onversion to Judaism\u8221\'94 or \u8220\'93Judais}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ation\u8221\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  Letter of 8.7.1907.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  , which as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  far as we can make out}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 he views as a personal development. He writes about his \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681218\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2032252  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Judaism\rquote  in the following terms: \u8220\'93my Judaism, all my conservative, gentle Judaism cannot deliver me from despair\u8221\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825  \uc1\u8220\'93
et mon judaisme, tout mon judaisme conservateur et doux ne pourra pas me d\u233\'e9livrer au d\u233\'e9sespoir\~\u187\'bb, letter of 29.7.1906.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
. Although this conversion should be viewed in a metaphoric sense, as a sentimental and cultural introduction to Judaism, it is still one of the first examples of the proselytis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 
ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  and evangelical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 facet}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  which later came to the fore in the life and work of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681218\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2032252  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Faitlovitch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid13116766 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7758825  See Trevisan Semi (2002: 65-87).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid13116766  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 In a letter from the Parisian period}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Kassab writes about the influence that his friend had on him in the following terms: \u8220\'93
You were the nourishment for my thoughts and dreams, the source I drank from for so long\u8221\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825   \uc1\u8220\'93Vous f\u251\'fbtes mon nourissier en r\u234\'eaves et en pens\u233\'e9es, la source d\rquote o\u249\'f9 je me suis longtemps abreuv\u233\'e9\u8221\'94
, letter of  8.7.1907.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . The \u8220\'93Judaism\u8221\'94 Kassab refers to, and which in some way must have influenced his work against Azoury, undoubtedly came from Faitlovitch.

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
Faitlovitch is described by his friend in terms which do not correspond to how his personality emerges from the rest of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681219\langnp2057\insrsid881023 available }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 materials}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681219\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2032252  available  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 : \u8220\'93firm, patient, hard-wo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 rking, persevering, reflective and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 melancholic\u8221\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825  \uc1\u171\'ab\~ferme, patient, laboureux, perseverant, r\u233\'e9flechi, melancholique\~\u187\'bb, Ibid.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . The terms \u8220\'93patient\u8221\'94 and \u8220\'93reflective\u8221\'94
 just do not appear the most appropriate to describe someone like Faitlovitch. We could envisage a young Faitlovitch being more patient and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681220\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2032252  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 reflective than he was in his later years, but it was in
 1906-7 that the dispute with the Alliance began, and from the correspondence with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
abbi Zvi Margulies we know that the latter urged him to be more patient and reflective. This was therefore probably Kassab\rquote s ideali}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ed image of his friend.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 In the last letter from Alexandria in 1929}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681220\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid2032252 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 Kassab declares that he is ready to work on a project that Faitlovich, just back from Ethiopia, had set aside for him, but of which nothing more is known, as the letter describing it has been lost.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid881023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Kassab wrote: \u8220\'93the time has ce
rtainly come for us to work on the project we hold dear, and if we do not work for this idea, who will? and we are getting old!\u8221\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs34\lang2057\langfe1040\super\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs34\super\insrsid7758825 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid7758825  \uc1\u8220\'93certes l\rquote heure est venue pour travailler \u224\'e0 l\rquote id\u233\'e9e qui nous est ch\u232\'e8
re, si nous ne travaillons pas qui travaillera, et nous devenons vieux\~!\~\u187\'bb letter of  11.4.29.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 . We }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5256734 do not know anything}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023 know little}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  about the project Faitlovich is talking about after his seventh mission }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  Ethiopia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023 , but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5256734 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  
it may have been the initiative aimed at hosting and educating the young Ethiopian Jews that Faitlovitch always brought back from his missions, or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023 it may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 have been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5256734 some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 project }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5256734 to do with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 promoting the Eastern Church or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681223\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5256734 possibly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Judai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 ation in a broader sense, something Faitlovitch was very committed to.
\par To conclude, this correspondence offers }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681228\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid4997742 some interesting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf0\revised\lang2057\langfe1040\revauth2\revdttm1724681228\langnp2057\insrsid881023 valuable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  insight}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681227\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid4997742 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 into}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681229\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid4997742 into the influence that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  the Judai}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166 sing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 context of Semitic studies in Paris at the beginning of the twentieth century and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \deleted\lang2057\langfe1040\revauthdel2\revdttmdel1724681224\langnp2057\insrsid881023\delrsid5256734  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  the discours}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 e on pan-Semitism would have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 
 on the young people of these years, even those who were not Jewish. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166 
\par The need to introduce new lifeblood into Jewish people corrupted by the spirit of the West and the search for the spirit of the East led Faitlovitch to seek out the Beta Israel of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2953291 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166 ast Africa or other Jews of the same circles like Nahum Slouschtz }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166  North Africa }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2953291 in order to di}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166 scover the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2953291 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166 great Semite empire}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2953291 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166  on the shore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 s}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166  of the Mediterranean whose language has been Hebrew or Aramaic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 with Faitlovitch }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid6109166 d
reaming that this knowledge would benefit the political cause of the time.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2953291 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 The risk of the decline of the Ottoman empire, the birth of new nationalist movements, and the quest for new identities based on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825 reinvention of a legendary past}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  formed the humus
 in which the generations of that period grew, and represented the phenomena they encountered. Faitlovitch and Kassab are a good example of this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid2953291  attitude}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid7758825  and the context in which they moved freely as well with their bodies as with their minds was  a large space that included Egypt, Palestine, Lebanon and Syria, that is to say the old
 Ottoman Empire and Paris}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 .   
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 \page 
\par References
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid881023 Kassab, Farid. 1906.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid881023  Nouvel empire arabe: La curie romaine et le}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid881023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid881023 pr\u233\'e9tendu p\u233\'e9ril juif universel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid1914703 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid881023  Paris\~: V.Giard et E. Bri\u232\'e8re.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid1914703 
\par Peleg, Yaron. 2005. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid1914703\charrsid1914703 Orientalism and the Hebrew Imagination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid1914703 . New York\~
: Cornell University Press.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid881023 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s33\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1036\langfe1040\langnp1036\insrsid881023 Trevisan S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid881023 emi, Emanuela, 2000. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid881023 L\rquote epistolario di Taamrat Emmanuel, un intellettuale ebreo d
\rquote Etiopia nella prima met\u224\'e0 del XX secolo/La correspondance de Taamrat Emmanuel, intellectuel juif d\rquote Ethiopie dans la premi\u232\'e8re moiti\u233\'e9 du XX\u232\'e8me si\u232\'e8cle.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid881023 
 Torino: L\rquote Harmattan Italia.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13116766 
\par Trevisan Semi, Emanuela, 2002. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\insrsid13116766\charrsid13116766 Judaising Movements. Studies in the margins of Judaism}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid13116766 . London: RoutledgeCurzon.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid881023 
\par Trevisan Semi, Emanuela 2007. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023 Jacques Faitlovitch and the Jews of Ethiopi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid1914703 a}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid1914703 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1040\langnp2057\insrsid881023  London: Vallentine Mitchell.
\par Wild, Stefan. 1988. \u8220\'93Ottomanism versus Arabism, the case of Farid Kassab (1884-1979).\u8221\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs24\lang1031\langfe1040\langnp1031\insrsid881023 Die Welt des Islams}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1031\langfe1040\langnp1031\insrsid881023 , vol.28,  pp.607-627.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s27\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1040\langfe1040\cgrid\langnp1040\langfenp1040 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
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